Screen time and its impact: How to use it wisely

In today’s digital world, we rely heavily on mobile phones and other gadgets. They have become an integral part of our lives, almost like an extension of our bodies. Sometimes, screen time is necessary to connect with online classes; other times, it helps us stay in touch with colleagues, friends, and family. Let’s first understand what screen time is, its consequences, and how we can limit it. 

Alarming Trends in Screen Time Usage 

The tech-savvy generation has become inseparable from mobile phones. We are connected through our devices but often remain socially isolated. Recent reports indicate that, globally, people spend an average of 6 hours and 40 minutes of screen time per day. Alarmingly, children aged 0-2 years are also exposed to screens, often watching rhymes on mobile phones while feeding or as a strategy to keep them seated. Researchers say that excessive mobile phone use may affect the growth of the frontal cortex in emerging adults (18-25 years). The frontal cortex is crucial for executive functions such as decision-making and problem-solving. From this, we understand that excessive screen time can hinder brain development in an 18-year-old. Imagine the potential consequences for newborns and toddlers. 

Screen Time  

Screen time is defined as the amount of time spent on electronic gadgets with display screens, such as mobile phones, laptops, televisions, and gaming consoles. For example, person X might watch a series for three hours, while person Y is preparing for an exam by watching YouTube videos. Both activities are considered screen time, but do they have the same effect on the brain? No, they do not. To better understand the benefits and risks, we classify screen time into active and passive categories.  

Active Screen Time

Active screen time involves engaging in meaningful and purposeful activities that enhance cognitive functioning, such as watching educational videos or learning new skills. However, prolonged screen exposure can cause eye problems and other health issues.  

Passive Screen Time

Passive screen time refers to low-engagement activities, which are often linked to negative cognitive effects like diminished working memory or attention span. Examples include doom scrolling or binge-watching. During passive screen time, individuals receive information but do not actively engage with or participate in it. Most importantly, excessive passive screen time—especially before age one—can delay speech development. Studies report that for every additional hour of video watched, children know and use six to eight fewer words.  

Learning from the Environment

Children learn from their environment. According to Bandura’s social learning theory, children learn by observing, paying attention, retaining information, reproducing behaviors, and feeling motivated. Excessive passive screen time can deplete the time and energy needed for such learning processes.  

How to Limit Screen Time

- Set time limits for recreational screen use.  

- Prioritize active screen time when screens are necessary.  

- Encourage outdoor activities like walking, reading, and outdoor play, as well as social interactions.  

- Avoid using screen time as a pacifier for children under 2 years old.  

- Model healthy screen habits as adults.  

Conclusion 

Simply put, passive screen time is consumptive, while active screen time is creative. Although screen time is an unavoidable part of modern life, mindful and balanced use is essential—especially for the healthy development of young minds. Understanding the difference between active and passive screen time and using it wisely can help us harness technology for learning while protecting cognitive and social well-being.