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From Philosophy to Science: The Evolution of Understanding the Human Mind

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“The mind is furnished with ideas by experience alone.” — John Locke Before psychology became a science, it was a part of philosophy. People used philosophy to try to answer questions about human life. They wanted to know how people think, how emotions work, and how we get knowledge. They also wanted to know what it means to have a mind. At first, they did not use labs or experiments to study these things. Instead, they used reasoning and observations of behaviour to understand how people think. Ancient thinkers had a debate. They wanted to know if people get knowledge from experience or if people are born with it. Even though they did not use scientific methods, they still helped create the basics of modern psychology. They encouraged people to look at behaviour in a deeper way. One of the important thinkers was John Locke. He said that the mind is like a blank piece of paper when people are born. People are not born with knowledge already in their minds. Instead, knowledge comes from...
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Beyond the Placards: The Mental Health Impact of Protests on Students

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There's a particular kind of tired that doesn't show up on a sleep tracker. It's the tiredness of a twenty-year-old who has spent three weeks camped outside a government building, phone battery at four percent, watching a livestream of their own city because the news channels are running something else. You can see it in the footage coming out of Delhi right now, students who left home with placards and water bottles, expecting a march, and came back with something closer to trauma. We talk a lot about what protests demand from institutions. We rarely talk about what they demand from the people standing in them. I've been thinking about this because it's impossible not to, watching the exam-reform protests unfold this July. Thousands of students, many barely out of school themselves, sitting in for weeks over exam leaks and a system they feel has repeatedly failed them. Some of them have lost sleep, lost classes, lost the particular safety of feeling like the world ...
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Grandma's Self-Care vs. Gen Z Self-Care : What Have We Gained and Lost?

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Every year, International Self-Care Day reminds us to pause and ask a simple question: How well am I taking care of myself? But perhaps an even more interesting question is, How did the generations before us care for themselves? Long before wellness influencers, habit trackers, therapy apps, and skincare routines filled our screens, our grandparents practiced self-care in ways they never actually called "self-care." For many of our grandmothers, self-care wasn't something scheduled into a planner. It wasn't a reward after burnout. It was quietly woven into everyday life. They woke up with the sun, spent time in gardens, chatted with neighbours over the compound wall, cooked meals from scratch, took afternoon breaks whenever possible, and ended the day surrounded by family. Their lives were far from easy, and many carried responsibilities we can barely imagine. Yet, amidst those demands, they often had routines that naturally supported their emotional and physical we...
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The Importance of Play: Nurturing Emotional Development and Resilience in Children

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Play is frequently misinterpreted as recreation, diversion, or reward. One of the most significant psychological processes that kids go through is probably play. Through play, kids may safely and responsibly reenact real-life situations, explore emotions, negotiate social roles, and express their worries. When leisure play begins to disappear from a child's daily life, they lose more than simply recreational play; emotional development may be significantly impacted. In many modern contexts, rigid schedules, academic competition, digital distractions, and safety concerns have gradually replaced unstructured recreation. These modifications may appear harmless or even advantageous, yet they quietly alter how children learn to regulate and express their emotions. Play as a Language of Emotion Kids may lack the words necessary to express difficult emotions. They might not state things such as, "I am jealous of my sibling" or "I feel anxious about school." Rather, kid...
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Could Your Mind Influence How You Age? Revisiting Harvard's Counterclockwise Experiment

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What if growing older wasn't just about the number of candles on your birthday cake, but also about the stories your mind tells your body? It sounds like the plot of a science fiction novel, yet for decades, psychologists have been fascinated by the powerful relationship between our thoughts, beliefs, and physical health. While no amount of positive thinking can stop the biological process of aging, research increasingly suggests that our mindset can influence how we experience aging, affecting everything from our mobility and memory to our emotional well-being. Think about the last time you met an older adult who seemed remarkably youthful. Chances are, you didn't notice their age first, you noticed their curiosity, sense of humor, confidence, or enthusiasm for life. On the other hand, we've also met people who seem much older than their years, weighed down not just by physical limitations but by the belief that they have already reached the end of what life has to offer....
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Gen Z and Modern Love: Are We Facing a Relationship Crisis or a Communication Crisis?

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If you ask ten people why modern relationships seem so difficult, you'll probably hear ten different answers. "Dating apps ruined love." "People give up too easily." "Nobody wants commitment anymore." "Everyone is emotionally unavailable." Somewhere in every conversation about Gen Z and relationships, there seems to be an unspoken assumption that this generation simply doesn't know how to love. But is that really true?  Perhaps the problem isn't that love has become weaker. Perhaps we've simply become worse at communicating what we actually feel. Think about it. Never before has a generation had so many ways to stay connected. We can send a message instantly, react with an emoji, share our location, video call from different continents, and know what someone is doing without speaking to them. Yet despite all these tools, many young adults admit they've never felt more confused about relationships. We're constantly communic...
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The Psychology of Waiting: Why Time Feels Different in Different Situations

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“The trouble is, you think you have time.” – Siddhartha Gautama Buddha What Buddha is really pointing to in this line is how we assume time is always there for us in a steady, predictable way. We tend to believe that moments will unfold normally and that waiting is just a small pause in between. But in reality, time does not feel consistent. It stretches, slows down, or even feels stuck depending on what we are experiencing. Think about waiting for your phone to turn back on after it freezes, or watching a message stay on “delivered” without a reply. In those moments, even a few seconds start to feel unusually long, and your attention keeps going back to the same point again and again. This is where the psychology of waiting begins. Time does not actually change, but our experience of it does because the brain does not measure time like a clock. Instead, it creates a sense of time based on what we are paying attention to. When attention is focused completely on waiting, every passing s...
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Instant Emotional Bonding and Psychological Traps: The Dynamics of Rapid Attachment Formation

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Sometimes a connection doesn’t build slowly. It just happens. You meet someone, and within a short time, maybe even the same day it feels like something has already formed. The conversation flows easily, there’s a sense of comfort that seems out of place for how little you’ve known each other, and for a moment, it feels like you’ve skipped the usual process of getting to know someone. It feels natural. Almost too natural and because it feels that way, you don’t question it. You just go along with it but if you look at it a little more carefully, that kind of instant bonding isn’t always as simple as it seems. Not because it’s fake, but because it’s often built on things that aren’t fully visible yet. One of the main things happening in these moments is projection. When you don’t know someone well, your mind doesn’t stay empty. It fills in the missing pieces. You take what little you’ve seen their tone, their words, the way they respond—and you start building a picture around it. If you...
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Screen, Verdict Film Analysis - Kumbalangi Nights (2019)

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DIRECTOR  :  MADHU C. NARAYANAN CAST : FAHADH FAASIl, SOUBIN SHAHIR, AND OTHERS "Kumbalangi Nights" is a poignant exploration of masculinity and mental health set against the backdrop of a small village, offering a nuanced portrayal of men's emotional struggles. The characters, especially Saji and Bobby, represent different facets of male identity—Saji's anger and frustration stemming from familial abandonment and societal expectations, and Bobby's vulnerability and aspirations for love and acceptance.  Saji's anger management issues and his subsequent suicide attempt highlight the destructive impact of untreated emotional trauma, emphasizing the importance of mental health awareness among men who often suppress their feelings due to societal norms. Bobby's journey towards stability, culminating in his marriage, underscores the need for emotional support and self-awareness in overcoming vulnerabilities. The film subtly critiques toxic masculinity, showing ...
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The NIOS Navigator Phase 2 : Aligned with NEP 2020 - Open Basic Education (OBE) under NIOS

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Written By : Ms. A. Gayathri Special Educator and Academic Consultant  A. Gayathri is a seasoned education professional and special educator with more than two decades of experience in inclusive education, learning disabilities, counselling, and psychotherapy. She has served as a special educator, NIOS consultant, lecturer, vocational trainer, and educational consultant across reputed schools, universities, and trusts in Tamil Nadu. Her work reflects strong expertise in special education and teacher training. She has been honoured with multiple state and national awards for her outstanding contributions to the field of education. The Open Basic Education (OBE) programme of the National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) is a significant national initiative that strongly aligns with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, which emphasizes equity, inclusion, flexibility, foundational learning, and lifelong education. OBE ensures that no learner is left behind, irrespective of age, ...
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